Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What Is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek can be described as an annual herb that has small white flowers and leaves. It's part of the pea family (Fabaceae) and also known as Greek hay (Trigonella foenum-graecum).
Fenugreek plants can grow up to two to three feet high. The seed pods are flat, yellow-brown and contain 10-20 small, aromatic, pungent, and aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek seeds have a somewhat bitter taste, similar to celery, maple syrup or burnt sugar, and are often used to make medicine. When cooked, however, the taste is far better.
Fenugreek is most commonly used for its graecum seeds. These are typically dried and ground. The leaves are often used in cooking as well.
Fenugreek can be taken by mouth or used to form a paste that's applied to the skin to help heal inflammation. Fenugreek oil can also be used to make soaps and cosmetics.
As noted in the book "Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety," fenugreek extract and oil are known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antitumorigenic activities. Cultivated in North Africa, the Middle East, Egypt and India, it has a long history as an ingredient in traditional medicine.
The fenugreek herb acts as a gum and an emulsifier, making it useful as a stabilizer as well as thickening agent for food. It can also be used in food preparation as a flavoring and spice agent.
Nutrition Facts
One serving -- 1 tablespoon -- of fenugreek seeds contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.8 grams
2.5 grams protein
0.7 gram fat
Fiber: 2.7g
3.7 milligrams iron (20 percent DV)
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
0.1 milligram copper (6 percent DV)
21 milligrams magnesium (5 percent DV)
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
While more research is needed in terms of identifying and confirming all of the plant's benefits, this herb has been shown to help with numerous health issues. These are the nine most well-known fenugreek health benefits.
1. Can Improve Digestive Problems and Cholesterol Levels
This herb is good for digestive problems such as constipation, upset stomach, and inflammation. Research has shown that fenugreek's water-soluble fiber, which is also found in other foods, can help relieve constipation.
Because of its anti-inflammatory properties, it is often included in a diet plan for ulcerative colitis. This herb may be beneficial to those suffering from heart disease, such as hardening or high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
It can also be used to treat diabetes. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. Reduces inflammation in the body
Fenugreek helps with inflammation within the body, which is responsible for health issues and diseases like:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of tissues below the skin's surface
Tuberculosis
Chronic coughs
Cancer
Kidney problems
This herbal remedy may not only have preventative benefits for these conditions but it is also thought to lower blood sugar. It could be helpful in managing metabolic and nutritional disorders such as diabetes. A 2017 study concluded that "a simple complementary addition of fenugreek seeds can have a synergistic effect along with diet control and exercise on fasting blood glucose."
Patients with type 2 diabetes were given 10 grams of the seeds, soaked in hot water each day.
Fenugreek may slow the absorption sugars in your stomach and stimulate insulin. Traditional Chinese Medicine refers to Fenugreek as a "phlegm moving" spice. It is believed to be able to release stuck energies and reduce inflammation.
International Immunopharmacology published research on the anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant effects of Fenugreek Mucilage on arthritis rats. It also confirmed its ability to reduce inflammation. This research also "demonstrated a potential beneficiary effect of Fenugreek Mucilage on adjuvant-induced Arthritis in Rats," suggesting that this herb could be used as a natural arthritis treatment.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Some fenugreek uses for men include treating hernias, erectile dysfunction and other male problems, such as baldness. It may also increase testosterone and sexual arousal.
While it's best to consult with a physician before using natural therapies for treating disease or improving sexual performance, fenugreek seed powder, fenugreek tea and tablets have been shown to increase sexual desire and performance in men, as well as naturally remedy impotence.
In a study published in Phytotherapy Research, 60 men between the ages of 25 and 52 years with no history of erectile dysfunction were supplemented with either a placebo or 600 milligrams of fenugreek extract per day for six weeks.
Participants completed a self-evaluation and reported that fenugreek had a positive impact on their libidos. The study concluded that fenugreek extract had a significant effect on sexual arousal and energy, and helped participants maintain their normal testosterone levels.
4. Promotes Milk Flow in Breastfeeding
Fenugreek also helps breastfeeding women who may experience low milk supply. Because it is a galactagogue, it can help increase breast milk production.
Galactagogues are substances that help with increasing milk supply. They stimulate the milk ducts and can increase milk production in as little as 24 hours.
Although more research is required to confirm the safety and efficacy of fenugreek in breast milk production, there are several scientific studies that have been published in scientific journals that support its use in increasing milk flow.
This is a potential benefit of fenugreek seed seeds for women. However, research generally recommends that you seek help from a lactation consultant if you have issues with breastmilk production.
5. It can be used to treat skin, scalp and wound issues
Fenugreek has been shown to reduce inflammation. It can also be used externally as an ointment. Research indicates that this reduces external inflammation and can treat:
Swelling and pain in the lymph nodes and muscles
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
To ensure the area does not become further inflamed or burn, it is important to first test it.
Hair benefits can also be attributed to fenugreek. Although research is limited, anecdotal reports suggest that fenugreek tea and fenugreek seed powder can be used on your hair to promote hair growth and improve texture.
6. Adds flavor and spice
In foods, fenugreek powder is often included as an ingredient in spice blends, mostly found in Indian fare, such as curried dishes. It's also used as a flavoring agent in imitation maple syrup, foods, beverages and tobacco.
You can also use fenugreek leaf in salads. Indian cuisine uses both dried and fresh fenugreek.
7. It helps increase appetite
Beyond enhancing flavor, fenugreek has been shown to increase appetite, which results in restorative and nutritive properties.
The effects of a fenugreek extract on feeding behavior was the subject of a study published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. Experiments were performed to determine food consumption and motivation to eat, as well as metabolic-endocrine changes.
The study showed that chronic oral administrations of fenugreek root extract had a significant effect on food intake and motivation to eat. However, the study did not prove that the treatment prevents anorexia or decreases motivation to eat.
8. May increase exercise performance
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine published a study examining the effects of creatine and fenugreek oils supplementation on strength and physique in men.
Forty-seven men who had been resistance-trained were then divided into two different groups based upon their body weight. The dextrose placebo was given to each group, along with five grams of creatine (70 grams) and 70 grams dextrose. Each group also received 3.5 grams of creatine (900 milligrams) and eight weeks of periodized resistance-training.
Body composition, muscular strength endurance and anaerobic capacity of participants were tested. The creatine/fenugreek-group showed significant improvements in leg press strength, bench press, and lean mass.
Study concluded that creatine supplementation with fenugreek oil supplementation had a significant effect on body composition and upper body strength as well as dextrose.
This is why it's so good. This is why fenugreek is so good.
9. It helps to improve blood sugar
A clinical trial showed that ingestion of fenugreek seeds soaked in hot water shows promise as a complementary therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
In the eight-week study, 11 participants consumed hot water-soaked fenugreek nuts, and seven consumed yogurt-mixed fenugreek nuts over the same period. The blood glucose levels of participants who ate the seeds soaked with hot water were significantly lower than those who ate them mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek, exactly? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (plus Recipes)
Fenugreek's long history has been both a medicinal and culinary herb. Fenugreek seeds are used as a traditional remedy for diabetes, loss of appetite, and to stimulate breast milk production in nursing women.
To reduce inflammation, it can also be applied to the hair and skin.
These are the most popular uses of plants:
Breast milk production: Fenugreek tea or supplements may increase breast milk production, particularly in the first few days after childbirth.
Digestion: Fenugreek seeds, powders, or supplements may be helpful in reducing digestive problems such as constipation and upset stomach.
Inflammation: Fenugreek extract can be applied topically as a poultice to reduce inflammation and pain.
Cholesterol: Although there is mixed evidence, using fenugreek seed powder or supplements may help reduce high cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek seed oil or powder can be applied topically to improve skin health, and decrease the symptoms of inflammatory diseases.
Hair health: To use as an herbal remedy for your hair, combine fenugreek seed powder with coconut oil or aloe vera and massage the mixture into your scalp. Allow it to sit for 5 minutes, then rinse.
Exercise performance: While there are mixed results regarding fenugreek's effects on testosterone levels, eight-week supplementation with the plant may increase exercise performance and reduce body fat.
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